Risshun in 2023 will be February 4 or 5.
According to the fixed-weight method, it will be when the solar longitude is 315 degrees. According to the equilibrium method, it will be on February 5, about 45.66 days after the winter solstice. From there, about 15 days will be known as “Risshun”.
The word “spring” finally appears, but it is still a cold season. Risshun means “the end of winter and the beginning of spring. In the “Koyomi Handbook,” it is written, “Risshun is the beginning of spring.
Risshun is the first day of the first month of the year, and the first day of the first month of the year for the various days of Japanese calender (88 nights, 210 days, 220 days, etc.). “Setsubun” is the day before Risshun. The strong southerly winds that begin to appear around this time are called the “Haruichiban” and the rain is called the “Kanmei”.
Traditional custom (風習)
“Setsubun” is a custom that has been practiced to drive away “evil spirits” that are said to appear at the turn of the season. Bean-throwing is the most common custom, but sticking sardine heads in holly branches is also done.
In the old days, “Risshun” was considered to be the beginning of the year (according to the lunar calendar). It is customary for temples and other places to paste an bill issued by Shinto shrine (a talisman written with the words “Risshun, great luck”) at the entrance to invite good fortune.
Since the date of the lunar New Year changes every year, the year when “Risshun” falls before the lunar New Year is called “Risshun” in the This year, and the year when it falls after is called “Risshun” in the New Year.
Seventy Two Appearances (七十二候)
The 24 seasons each divide three seasons and further express the subtle changes in seasons. These are referred to as the “72 appearances” and were commonly used, especially in agriculture, in ancient Japan and China.
初候 (1st 5days) （Japan・China） 東風解凍 Easterly winds begin to melt the thick ice.
次候 (2nd 5days) (Japan） 黄鶯睍睆 Warblers begin to sing in mountain villages.
（China） 蟄虫始振 The winter hibernating insects begin to move.
末候 (Last 5days)（Japan・China） 魚上氷 Fish jump out from between the cracked ice.
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