“Kanro” in 2023 is on October 8 or 9.
According to the fixed-air method, it is when the solar longitude is at 195 degrees. According to the equilibrium method, it will be on October 7, approximately 289.15 days after the winter solstice. From there, about 15 days are called as “Kanro”.
“Kanro” refers to the cold dew that forms on wildflowers from late summer to early autumn. Autumn is just around the corner. The rice harvest is in full swing and farmers are very busy.
The season is also marked by the deepening of the autumn leaves and the cooling of the air. As the air cools, the atmospheric conditions become more stable and the sky appears clearer. This is a great time of year to enjoy the night sky.
Traditional custom (風習)
Thirteenth Night (October 8, 2022)
The thirteenth night of the lunar calendar is the moon seen on the 13th day of the eighth lunar month. Jusan-night is on August 15 of the lunar calendar and has been considered as a day to view the moon together. When viewing the moon, it is important to look at the same place on both days. It is said that “katatsukimi” (looking at only one side of the moon) is not good luck. Incidentally, “Jusanya” is also known as “Chestnut Moon” or “Bean Moon,” and people celebrate the harvest by offering chestnuts and beans that are in season.
Seventy Twe Appearances (七十二候)
The 24 seasons each divide three seasons and further express the subtle changes in seasons. These are referred to as the “72 appearances” and were commonly used, especially in agriculture, in ancient Japan and China.
初候 (1st 5days) (Japan）鴻雁来 Geese begin to fly in.
（China）鴻雁来賓 Many geese fly in and become guests.
次候 (2nd 5days) (Japan）菊花開 Chrysanthemum blooms.
（China）雀入大水為蛤 Sparrow goes into the sea and becomes a clam.
末候 (Last 5days) (Japan）蟋蟀在戸 Cricket chirps around the door.
（China）菊有黄華 Chrysanthemum flowers begin to bloom.
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